快3网站-快3网站
快3网站2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

快3网站

科学精准有序迎春运******

  【财经论语】

  作者:甘家华(交通运输部规划研究院高级工程师)

  春运被称为“人类规模最大的周期性迁徙”,关系亿万人民群众切身利益,关乎社会安定和谐。2023年春运是疫情防控进入新阶段后的第一个春运,是近年来情况最复杂、困难挑战最大的一次春运,科学精准、有力有序做好春运工作意义重大。

  从客流规模看,2023年春运客流从低位运行快速反弹,客流总量大幅增长,预计客运总量将达20.95亿人次,较2022年同期增长99.5%,恢复到2019年同期的70.3%。目前,春运首日客流已达3473.6万人次,开始快速增长。从出行结构看,铁路客流占比预计为18%左右,其中长距离出行将明显增多;道路客运继续承担大量中短途出行任务,占比约80%。受居民消费升级、春节假期高速公路小客车免费等影响,自驾车等个性化出行比例将持续高涨,预计高速公路小客车日均流量约2620万辆。从客流构成看,群众累积的回乡过年需求集中释放,预计探亲流约占春运总客流55%,务工流约占24%,旅游流和商旅出行分别约占10%,目前热门旅游城市已出现预订高峰;多数高校春运前已放假,对客流总体影响较小。从时空分布看,节前以特大城市、省会城市向周边城市及主要劳务输出省市迁徙为主,节后则反向流动,长三角、珠三角和成渝等城市群人员流动较为密集。1月27日(正月初六)、2月6日(正月十六)前后将迎来客流高峰。

  2023年春运将面临客流量高位运行、货运需求大幅增长、从业人员感染风险高、安全生产事故易发多发相互交织的形势和特点。一是春运客流大幅反弹。交通运输组织从低负荷状态迅速攀升到满负荷状态,将对交通运输运行管理、企业运营组织、服务保障能力水平等带来较大挑战。二是货运需求大幅增长。面对疫情“迎峰转段”新挑战,各地特别是农村地区对医疗物资需求加大,叠加今冬明春能源、粮食等重点物资,果蔬、肉禽等生活物资保障需求,干线运输、末端配送任务艰巨。三是疫情高峰与客流高峰交织,一线从业人员感染风险增加,实现客运枢纽不关停、线路服务不中断、物资运输不断链,保障行业持续稳定运行压力较大。四是交通运输安全生产隐患增多。2020年以来,受疫情反复冲击,客运场站、运输工具、从业人员长时间处于低负荷运行状态,加之春运期间易出现低温、寒潮、雨雪、冰冻等天气,交通运输安全生产面临传统风险与疫情衍生风险叠加的压力。

  做好2023年综合运输春运工作,一是提高运输服务能力,确保旅客顺畅出行。运力调配方面,针对客流大幅增长重点线路和枢纽,提前科学安排班次计划,加大运力投放,做好运力储备。运输组织方面,加强不同运输方式之间、干线运输与城市交通间的客流、班次、时刻等衔接,避免发生旅客滞留。路网保畅方面,加强路网运行动态监测和信息发布,引导公众错峰避峰出行,提升异常情况处置能力,避免造成车辆拥堵。服务质量方面,积极关爱帮扶老幼病残孕等重点旅客,推广刷脸进站、扫码乘车等服务,提高进站和换乘效率,全力提升旅客出行体验,打造“暖心春运”。

  二是强化物流保通保畅,确保重点物资运输。充分发挥物流保通保畅工作机制作用,保障交通“大动脉”和物流“微循环”畅通。医疗物资运输方面,加强供需对接保障,近期重点引导配送资源向农村下沉。末端配送民生保障方面,引导企业充实一线力量,保障上岗率,近期已有10余家骨干快递企业发布“春节无休服务”。重点物资保障方面,稳定煤炭铁路大通道运输,畅通11条公路运输主通道,落实北方四港优先安排电煤、LNG运输作业。

  三是加强疫情防控处置,确保旅客放心出行。做好从业人员防护,保障一线人员防疫物资供应,落实《2023年春运期间防范和应对交通物流从业人员大面积感染新冠病毒工作指南》。提高突发疫情应急处置能力,建立从业人员轮岗备岗和跨区域调配等制度预案,确保突发情况下人员有序轮换、运力统筹调配。加强乘客个人健康宣传引导,旅行途中自觉戴口罩,主动不带病乘坐公共交通工具,最大限度避免疫情传播。

  四是扎实落实安全生产,确保旅客安心出行。安全是底线、红线,更是生命线,要持续加强重点领域隐患排查治理。对所有投入春运的设施设备全面开展检查维护,坚决杜绝运输工具和设施带“病”运行,对所有投入春运的驾驶员开展安全培训,避免松劲懈怠、技能生疏等带来的风险。防范应对极端恶劣天气。建立气象快速通报和联动响应机制,完善应急预案,做好道路铲冰除雪、抢通保通、车辆分流引导,最大限度减轻可能诱发的次生灾害。

  《光明日报》( 2023年01月12日 15版)

中国网客户端

国家重点新闻网站,9语种权威发布

快3网站地图